Written by Marco Ramerini. English text revision by Dietrich Köster.
Diu: (20°43’N – 71°00’E)
Damão Grande or Praça de Damão (Damão, Moti Daman or Daman): (20°25’N – 72°50’E)
1634: 400 “almas entre portugueses e nativos cristãos”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
1662: 100 “casais portugueses”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
Bassein or Baçaim (Vasai): (19°20’N – 72°49’E)
1634: 400 “casados brancos”, 200 “pretos cristãos” and 1.800 slaves in the town, “fora dos muros” there were 250/300 “casados brancos” and 2.000 “nativos”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
1662: 5.000 “homens de armas”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
1720: the Province of Baçaim numbered 890 “europeus”, 58.131 “cristãos”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
Tana:
1634: 80 “casas de brancos” and 100 “casas de pretos”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
Bombaim:
1634: 12 “casados portugueses” and 50 “pretos”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
Chaul:
1634: 200 “casados portugueses” and 50 “pretos cristãos”. Source: Leão “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
1666: 21 “chefes de família portugueses”. Source: Boxer “O Império colonial português 1415-1825”
Goa:
1550: 2.000 “casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
1630: 800 “casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
16th – 17th centuries between 1.000/2.000 and 4.000/5.000 “soldados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
1666: 320 “chefes de família portugueses”. Source: Boxer “O Império colonial português 1415-1825”
1866: 2.240 “descendentes” or “mestiços”. Source: Boxer “O Império colonial português 1415-1825”
1871: 2.500 “descendentes” or “mestiços”. Source: Boxer “Relaçoes raciais no Império colonial português”
1956: 1.100 “descendentes” or “mestiços”. Source: Boxer “Relações raciais no Império colonial português”
Onor (Honawar): (14°17’N – 74°26’E)
1634: 30 “casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
Barcelor or Braçalor (Basrur): (13°38’N – 74°44’E)
1634: 30 “casados” and 35 “soldados casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
Mangalore (Mangalor): (12°54’N – 74°50’E)
1634: 35 “casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
Cannanore: (11°51’N – 75°22’E)
1630s: 40 “casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
Cranganore (Kodungallor): (10°13’N – 76°13’E)
1630s: 40 “casados” and 100 “soldados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
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Cochin, Cochin de Baixo or Santa Cruz: (09°57’N – 76°15’E)
1630s: 500 “casados” (of whom 300 Portuguese and 200 Indian Christians). Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
Coulão (Quilon): (08°53’N – 76°35’E)
1630s: 60 “casados”. Source: Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
Tuticorin or Tutucorim: (08°48’N – 78°09’E)
1640: pequena povoação de “casados”. Source: Subrahmanyam “Improvising Empire – Portuguese trade and settlements in the Bay of Bengal 1500 – 1700” or “Comércio e conflito – A presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala 1500 – 1700”
Nagapatao or Negapatao (Negapatam or Nagapattinam): (10°47’N – 79°50’E)
1533: 30 “fogos”, 1540: 100 “fogos”, 1630: 500 “fogos”.Source: Subrahmanyam “Improvising Empire – Portuguese trade and settlements in the Bay of Bengal 1500 – 1700” or “Comércio e conflito – A presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala 1500 – 1700”
1577: 60 “casados”, 200 “eurasiáticos”, 3000 Indian Christians. Source: Diffie-Winius “Foundation of the Portuguese Empire 1415-1580”
Porto Novo (Parangi-Pettai): (11°29’N – 79°46’E)
São Tomé de Meliapor: (13°00’N – 80°15’E)
1530: 40 “casados”, 1545: 100 “famílias”. Source: Subrahmanyam “Improvising Empire – Portuguese trade and settlements in the Bay of Bengal 1500 – 1700” or “Comércio e conflito – A presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala 1500 – 1700”
1600: 600 “casados”, from 1610s. in decline. Source: Subrahmanyam “Improvising Empire – Portuguese trade and settlements in the Bay of Bengal 1500 – 1700” or “Comércio e conflito – A presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala 1500 – 1700”
1537: 50 “casados”. Source: Diffie-Winius “Foundation of the Portuguese Empire 1415-1580”
Paliacate or Paleacate (Pulicat): (13°24’N – 80°19’E)
1520: 200 – 300 “habitantes”, 1545: 600-700 “familias”, from 1565 in decline. Source: Subrahmanyam “Improvising Empire – Portuguese trade and settlements in the Bay of Bengal 1500 – 1700” or “Comércio e conflito – A presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala 1500 – 1700”
Masulipatam or Masulipatao: (16°11’N – 81°08’E)
Balasore or Balasor: (21°29’N – 86°57’E)
Pipli: circa (21°37’N – 87°20’E)
Tambolim (Tamluk or Tumlook): (22°18’N – 87°55’E)
Angelim (Hidgelee or Hijili): circa (22°14’N – 88°03’E)
Porto Pequeno, Sategão, Satigão, Sateguam or Satigam (Satgaon): (22°57’N – 88°24’E)
Ugolim, Golim or Dogolim (Hugli or Hooghly): (22°54’N – 88°24’E) 1603: 5.000 “portugues”. Source: Diffie-Winius “Foundation of the Portuguese Empire 1415-1580”
Notes:
Fogos and Famílias: Families.
Casados: Portuguese soldiers retired after marriage.
Descendentes: Euro – Asiatic or Mestizo (Mestiços) also Luso – Indians.
Pretos: Blacks (in this case Indians or African slaves brought to India and liberated after serving in the military forces with valour).
At that time every family was composed of about 5-6 persons. So the number of Casados, Familias, Fogos must be multiplied by 5 or 6.
LUSO – INDIANS and EURASIANS STATISTICS in BENGAL:
Calcutta Census:
1837: 3.181 Luso – Indians, 4.746 Eurasians.
1876: 5 Portuguese, 707 Luso – Indians, 10.566 Eurasians.
1881: 19 Portuguese, 36 Goans, (261 speaking the Portuguese language), 9.410 Luso – Indians and Eurasians.
1911: 10 Portuguese, (254 speaking the Portuguese language), 644 Goans.
Hoogly Census:
1912: 94 Eurasians.
Geonkhali (Midnapore district):
1911: 129 Luso – Indians.
Chittagong:
1859: 1.025 Feringhis or Luso – Indians.
1860: 985 Feringhis or Luso – Indians.
1866: 865 Feringhis or Luso – Indians.
Noakhali:
1901: 490 Feringhis or Luso – Indians.
Bakarganj:
1876: 800 Feringhis or Luso – Indians.
1918: 841 Feringhs or Luso – Indians.
In 1919 in Eastern Bengal the number of Luso-Indians or Feringhis was about 10.000: Dacca District: 6.000, Chittagong: 1.000, Bakarganj District: 1.000, Noakhali: 800, Assam, Tippera: 1.20.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY:
– Campos, J. J. A. “History of the Portuguese in Bengal” 283 pp. 3 maps Butterworth & Co. 1919 Calcutta, India. An old, but very interesting, book about the Portuguese history in Bengal, history unknown to many people.
– Boxer “Relações raciais no Império colonial português”
– Boxer “O Império colonial português 1415-1825”
– Disney “Twilight of the pepper Empire”
– Leao “A Província do Norte do Estado da Índia”
– Subrahmanyam, Sanjay “Comércio e conflito: a presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala” Orig. Tit. “Improvising empire – Portuguese trade and settlement in the Bay of Bengal 1500-1700” 293 pp Edições 70, 1994 Lisboa, A collection of very interesting Subrahmanyam’s articles.
– Subrahmanyam, Sanjay “The South Coromandel Portuguese in the late 17th century: a study of the Porto Novo: Nagapattinam complex”, in: STUDIA N° 49, pp. 341-363, 1989, Lisbon, Portugal.
– Diffie-Winius “Foundation of the Portuguese Empire 1415-1580”
